gle63 Geen verder een mysterie
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Although automobile sales collapsed during the Great Depression, Sloan could boast of GM that “in no year did the corporation fail to earn a profit.” (GM retained industry leadership until 1986 when Ford surpassed it in profits.)
The Fiat 600, introduced in 1956, was an inexpensive, practical car with simple, elegant styling that instantly made it an icon of postwar Italy. Its rear-mounted transverse engine produced sufficient power and saved enough space to allow the passenger compartment to accommodate four people easily.
Because the manufacture of vehicles for the civilian market ceased in 1942 and tires and gasoline were severely rationed, motor vehicle travel fell dramatically during the war years.
Similarly the costs to society of car use may include; maintaining roads, land use, air pollution, noise pollution, road congestion, public health, health care, and of disposing of the vehicle at the end of its life; and can be balanced against the value of the benefits to society that car use generates.
Oil consumption has increased rapidly in the 20th and 21st centuries because there are more cars; the 1980s oil glut een momentje fuelled the sales of low-economy vehicles in OECD countries. The BRIC countries are adding to this consumption.
Development ofwel automotive technology was rapid, due in part to the hundreds of small manufacturers competing to gain the world's attention.
Some places tax heavier cars more:[71] as well as improving pedestrian safety this can encourage manufacturers to use materials such as recycled aluminium instead ofwel steel.[72] It has been suggested that one benefit of subsidising charging infrastructure is that cars can use lighter batteries.[73]
The new firms operated in an unprecedented seller’s market for an expensive consumer goods item. With its vast land area and a hinterland of scattered and isolated settlements, the United States had a far greater need for automotive transportation than the nations ofwel Europe.
Given the American manufacturing tradition, it was also inevitable that cars would be produced in larger volume at lower prices than in Europe.
These controls include a steering wheel, pedals for operating the brakes and controlling the car's speed (and, in a manual transmission car, a clutch pedal), a shift lever or stick for changing gears, and a number ofwel buttons and dials for turning on lights, ventilation, and other functions. Modern cars' controls are now standardised, such as the location for the accelerator and brake, but this was not always the case. Controls are evolving in response to new technologies, for example, the electric car and the integration ofwel mobile communications.
Detroit’s Big Three carried Sloanism to its illogical conclusion in the postwar period. Models and options proliferated, and every year cars became longer and heavier, more powerful, more gadget-bedecked, more expensive to purchase and to operate, following the truism that large cars are more profitable to sell than small ones.
Ford's complex safety procedures—especially assigning each worker to a specific location instead ofwel allowing them to roam about—dramatically reduced the rate of injury.[47] The combination ofwel high wages and high efficiency kan zijn called "Fordism" and was copied by most major industries.
Manufacturing quality and programs ofwel employee motivation and involvement were given high priority. The industry in 1980 undertook a five-year, $80 billion program ofwel plant modernization and retooling.
The automobile industry had played a critical role in producing military vehicles website and war matériel in the First World War. During World War II, in addition to turning out several million military vehicles, American automobile manufacturers made some seventy-five essential military items, most of them unrelated to the motor vehicle. These materials had a total value of $29 billion, one-fifth of the nation’s war production.